Big History

“MUCH WAS DECIDED BEFORE YOU WERE BORN.” --New York artist Jenny Holzer

Overviews

Big History takes a comprehensive (ideally systemic, see also Counter-History, LongNow, as well as Networks) approach to history, thus gives us a context for understanding, investigating and ultimately changing the world.

3 min video overview.

History of the World in Seven Minutes video.

It all began with David Christian's TEDtalk *** Davos World Forum talk (15 min video overview) 1/15.

It informs the History Channel series(some shorts, another site maybe good Object topics). 90 min overview

New PBS series How We Got to Now, companion book highly recommended. S&E Stacks T14.5 .J64 2014 ****

A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson (humorous).

Top books at top colleges: Plato, Hobbes, Machiavelli, and Aristotle overwhelmingly dominate lists in the US, particularly at the top schools. Shelley’s Frankenstein is the most taught work of fiction, with Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales a close second. In history titles, George Brown Tindall and David Emory Shi’s textbook, America: A Narrative History, is No. 1, with Anne Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi, a memoir about life as an African-American woman in Jim Crow America, at No. 2. The Communist Manifesto is the third most taught in history, and is the top title in sociology. Other history: The Clash of Civilizations by Huntington & Samuel, To End a War by Holbrooke & Richard, The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent by Harle, J. C., and A Social History of American Technology by Ruth Schwartz Cowan (also More Work For Mother: The Ironies Of Household Technology From the Open Hearth to the Microwave).

Archives

UCSC History research resources

Library of Congress, has extensive Digital, photos, newspapers, audio, films, maps, and manuscripts. World resources, Religion, Science and Technology (includes environment). ****

Smithsonian Institution, resources (searchable by category), Magazine. ***

Websites and Blogs

Checkered History is a sort of Factcheck.org for current events by historians, hosted by GWU as a part of the History News Network, which has interesting topics. A similar approach is taken by the Backstory and Whiskey Rebellion podcasts below.

Timelines

My Dynamic map of counter-culture is rogue version of James Burke's Knowledge Web

CHRONOZOOM timeline tool: http://www.chronozoom.com/ by Walter Alvarez at UCB and Microsoft labs research orientation video.

Big History Project: https://www.bighistoryproject.com/bhplive has a YouTube channel (shorts).

The Walk Through Time iPhone App will be a Walking Documentary that tells the story of the Earth's 4.6 billion year history. (video).

People's History by Zinn Project.

'Brilliant' Climate Change Cartoon Goes Viral After Elon Musk, John Green Share It on Twitter see Comics and Global Warming.

Making the Modern World, inventions, everyday life.

Today in history searchable by date. History Channel version. Good news in history.

Hyperhistory technologicaly quaint but lots of great content, searchable by people, events and maps of different periods. Topics: religion, science, art, politics.

Digital History timeline

LongNow *** It's often said that capitalism is so deadly to the life-support system of the Earth because it "thinks" only about profit (everything else is relegated to "externalities," which literally do not count), but not well understood and perhaps equally troublesome is that business thinks mostly in terms of the quarterly report. To do anything intelligent we clearly need a longer time horizon. The LongNow Foundation set out to do precisely that It hosts an amazing monthly talk (archives)(free audio), and is building a ten thousand year clock and re-wilding(bringing back extinct species, an idea pioneered and carried out by UCSC folk). Some important founders are Brian Eno (musician), Stewart Brand, and computer scientist Danny Hillis (who built a computer out of TinkerToys(image).new book on thinking inspired by the clock by Brand. see More. Examples:

Charles C. Mann "Living in the Homogenocene: The First 500 Years" April 23, 02012.

Adrian Hon: A History of the Future in 100 Objects July 16, 02014.

American History in 101 Objects by Richard Kurin. Smithsonian November 18, 02013.

Timeline of the Far Future from http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/

Topics

James Burke Knowledge Web blog has quirky topics

Black Death: The Upside to Killing Half of Europe.Update 5/15 Smithson mag.

Brian Fagan, author of The Intimate Bond: how animals shaped human history. audio interview.

Art of the Problem: has information, communication and technology topics such as the alphabet and cryptography/codes.

Environmental history.

5 Accidental Discoveries that changed the world from All That is Interesting blog, includes history and women, such as swimsuits.

Milk! book by Marc Kurlansky 5/18

Mayan empire end has lessons for CA now? 5/15.

The history of sex video, Media Center DVD4225 v.1-2.

1177 B.C.: When Civilization Collapsed Eric Cline LongNow 2016 video.

Guns, Germs, and Steel *** [videorecording] / based on the book by Jared Diamond. Media Center Circulating DVD3487.

The Big History of Energy by UCSC's Edmund :"Terry" Burke: The Big Story Human History, Energy Regimes, and the Environment.

Longitude: The True Story of a Lone Genius Who Solved the Greatest Scientific Problem of His Time; K-web; Dava Sobel wrote a book on Harrison's work. sets record.

25 Moments That Changed America by Time Magazine (including ucsc history prof Stovall). 7/16.

Ancient History:

Pre-Human:

Solving Dark Matter and Dark Energy by Priyamvada Natarajan LongNow 2016 video.

A New Physics Theory of Life Jeremy England, a 31-year-old physicist at MIT, thinks he has found the underlying physics driving the origin and evolution of life. 1/15.

Chemicals released by comet impacts may have helped life develop on Earth: study 8/15 newsweek.

New theory on Permian Extinction 5/15.

Human:

Fire Slow, Fire Fast, Fire Deep Stephen Pyne, LongNow 2016 video. “We are uniquely fire creatures,” Pyne began, “on a uniquely fire planet.” Life itself is a form of slow metabolic combustion—which eventually created oxygen and burnable vegetation that allowed fast combustion, ignited by lightning. Humans came along and mastered fire for warmth, food preparation, and managing the landscape, and that made us a keystone species. Humanity’s ecological signature on the world is fire.

How Chewing Gave Humans Flat Faces, Little Teeth and Wimpy Jaws

Scientists working in the desert badlands of northwestern Kenya have found stone tools dating back 3.3 million years, long before the advent of modern humans, and by far the oldest such artifacts yet discovered, pushing the known date of such tools back by 700,000 years. How a one night stand with Neanderthal in the Ice Age affects us all today. depression and blood clotting. (audio).

Civilization’s Mysterious Desert Cradle: Rediscovering the Deep Sahara Stefan Kroepelin, Longnow video.

1 in 200 men direct descendants of Genghis Khan,(More).

People:

The National Women's Hall of Fame is an American institution created in 1969 by a group of people in Seneca Falls, New York, the location of the 1848 Women's Rights Convention. see Women also Uber1.

Meet the 100 Most Significant Americans of All Time according to google anyway, 3/18.

Stuff You Missed in History Class (podcasts) ***

The Experimenters: BUCKMINSTER FULLER, JANE GOODALL & RICHARD FEYNMAN

Time magazine most influential in history , all recent lists, 20th Century list, a most influence(data-driven approach to most influential in history).

Time 100 2015 list] includes UCB CRISPR DNA editing; Time most influential 2014, includes UCSC's Katherine Sullivan, astronaut.

UK Telegraph list best biographies and autobiographies another list and another.

Lawrence of Arabia :interesting author interview: (audio) Lawrence in Arabia: War, Deceit, Imperial Folly and the Making of the Modern Middle East: Turks skillful in grant autonomy and collect tax and conscripts; Brits lumped 3 groups into artificial iraq (guess who?), and now those lines reforming. Wilson sent fact finding, hid results 4 years: everyone wanted to be indep or under US protection (vs UK or France). Faisal-Weizman deal. (Great movie).

Alexander Hamilton, the Musical: John Sedgwick War of Two: Alexander Hamilton, Aaron Burr, and the Duel that Stunned the Nation, BookTV talk (video). Hamilton the Musical: New Yorker article, LA Times review. Author interview (video) CBS Sunday Morning 3/15 based on Ron Chernow's biography. White House origin. Jeremy McCarter, co-author of Hamilton: The Revolution, talked about the musical created by his co-author, Lin-Manuel Miranda.

Sarah Vowell Assassination Vacation on Abraham Lincoln, William McKinley and James Garfield. Lafayette in the Somewhat United States; (BookTV talk) Jon Stewart.

Dead Presidents NPR’s “Weekend Edition” (audio) host Brady Carlson looks at the legacy of American presidents, from how they died and are remembered to the creation of monuments and statues in their honor. video. Laptops of the Founding Fathers.

The Professor and the Madman,is an extraordinary tale of madness, genius, and the incredible obsessions of two remarkable men that led to the making of the Oxford English Dictionary -- and literary history. By Simon Winchester who has written many popular works on history, including The Map That Changed the World: William Smith and the Birth of Modern Geology – the work of geologist William Smith and Pacific: Silicon Chips and Surfboards, Coral Reefs and Atom Bombs, Brutal Dictators, Fading Empires, and the Coming Collision of the World's Superpowers.

Eco-heroes UCSC people (in dynamic map).

Videos

Big History History Channel TV series available in McHenry Media Center DVD10097 (Disc 3 is 90 minute overview of all 8 thresholds). *** Gold; Weapons,History of the World in 90 min.

Big History Project's YouTube channel (shorts).

New PBS series How We Got to Now, companion book highly recommended. **** Steven Johnson (update of Burke's Connections).

Big History crash course videos (** pretty good, student endorsed).

BookTV examples: The Radical King (MLK))

Must-See videos: a list of videos i often reference in Wr 2 but rarely have time to show. These are often related to the environment, but Advertising and the End of the World is an excellent example of analysis (also green history and interesting biographies). ***

The Long Now Foundation was established in 01996 to foster long-term thinking and responsibility in the framework of the next 10,000 years. Brilliant lecture series videos: example Civilization's Infrastructure James Fallows.

PBS *** American Experience podcasts

Archives

Internet Archive has amazing collection of all Web pages, TV, texts (including genealogy) video games, images, (including maps e.g., CA) and more!

Prelinger Archives, founded in 1983 by Rick Prelinger, has over 60,000 "ephemeral" (advertising, educational, industrial, and amateur) films.

CSPAN American history videos. See also BookTV which has biographies,American History as well as World History.

PBS History (searchable), PBS World History includes Your Inner Fish (then reptile, then mammal...).

Cosmos(trailer) is an update of the legendary 80's version with Carl Sagan. The new version takes a very much Big History approach, emphasis on evolution and science.

History Channel (can't vouch for accuracy, as they're for entertainment) has I Love the 1880's and on, and The Men Who Built America (short excerpts of dramatization of robber barons, including Edison and Tesla's War of the Currents). Mankind: The History of All of Us parallels Big History, as does America.

Art of the Problem A series following the greatest problems we face, from prehistoric through modern times in the style of James Burke's Connections. Examples: language, alphabet, computer memory.

The history of sex video, Media Center DVD4225 v.1-2

Guns, Germs, and Steel *** [videorecording] / based on the book by Jared Diamond Media Center Circulating DVD3487.

Origin of Life by local guys: In this philosophical talk, Bruce Damer elaborates on a new theory of the origin of life, and makes the case that the future of all life on Earth lies in a radical collaboration enabling a bold expansion of life into the cosmos.

Galaxy Song as sung by Eric Idle from Monty Python's Meaning of Life, with graphics from NASA.

Images / Maps

Maps

The David Rumsey Map Collection was started over 30 years ago and contains more than 150,000 maps. The collection focuses on rare 16th through 21st century maps of North and South America, as well as maps of the World, Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. Includes Google and VR (including Second Life video))

Library of Congress

USGS at Internet Archive

Strange Maps by Frank Jacobs example states as country GNP.

The Norie Atlas and the Guano Trade: how guano/poop enabled murder of million, the feeding of billions, and the winning of WWII.

Roman road network

Audio / Podcasts

Library of Congress adds to list of sounds that shaped America National Recording Registry. It’s a wide-ranging list, from Judy Garland singing “Over the Rainbow” to stand-up comedy by Richard Pryor. -list. LOC site 3/17.

Podcasting has set off a a new golden age of radio, and history is well represented:

Mental Floss picks.

Steven Johnson (“How We Got To Now”) hosts American Innovations which uses immersive scenes to tell the stories of the scientists, engineers, and ordinary people behind the greatest discoveries of the past century. 5/18. DNA

The Thread uses Burke's Knowledge Web Six Degree concept. Lennon to Lenin. **

Dan Carlin's Hardcore History, *** for example Persian Empire arguably saves Judaism. Talks@goggle video.(ironically).

Backstory podcast: e.g., history of US farmers, American myths: Davy Crockett, Robert E Lee and the "Lost Cause," Drake's plate.

Stuff You Missed in History Class (podcasts) ***

Tides of History: historical echoes define the boundaries of countries, how we pray and how we fight, what money we spend and and how we earn it, what language we speak and how we raise our children. Patrick Wyman, PhD (“Fall Of Rome”) helps us understand our world and how it got to be the way it is. 1/18. ** alt link

How It Began: Compared to our ancestors, we live like superheroes and sorcerers, endowed with powers they could never have imagined. But how did we achieve all this? Brad Harris PhD in the history of science and technology at Stanford 1/18. Mastering Metals: From Sticks & Stones to Cars & Computers. Printed Book. Measuring Time **

The History Chicks.

RadioLab is brilliant, but no so much history oriented. Henrietta's tumor is, as is inventors (including Turing), as well as is war inevitable? and the DNA is pretty amazing.

Revolutions, podcast exploring the great revolutions of history, including only successful slave revolt by Toussaint, in Haiti. Also by Mike Duncan, his sourcesHistory of Rome.

History on Fire by university history professor Daniele Bolelli. "Whether you like history or not, if you care about bravery, wisdom, passion, larger than life characters and some of the most emotionally intense moments in human experience... where history and epic collide." Example: Crazy Horse, 10,000 Greek mercenaries agree to serve under the Persian prince Cyrus the Younger, Spartacus slave rebellion.

The Torch: The Great Courses Podcast Sample: Middle East/Islam Audio overview "Fascinating Facets of History" (also American English).

The Whiskey Rebellion is about American history, hosted by Frank Cogliano and David Silkenat. Frank and David both teach at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland.

This American Life (a great and pioneering radio program/podcast is, as the title suggests, almost anything, but (fan favorites) include the best account ever on the causes of the Great Recession 2007-8 TAL featured The Butterfly Effect by Jon Ronson, sort of K-webby six degrees, though adult content.

Documents that Changed the World: “President Obama’s Birth Certificate” “The Nineteenth Amendment” John Snow’s Cholera Map, 1854 “Quotations of Chairman Mao, 1965” Internet Protocol, 1981 The AIDS Memorial Quilt The 18 1/2-minute gap, 1972 Gutenberg Indulgence, 1454

PBS American Experience podcasts

LongNow Seminars (Google Play) sample Mann on Green Revolution, Silk Roads, Time Travel by James Gleick.

Counter-History (<--see also main page)

Booklist (bit dated, but good resources on women and people of color, also creativity).

My Dynamic map of counter-culture is rogue version of James Burke's Knowledge Web: (video intro with VR), basic overview video), Mystery tour: Mozart to Helicopter).

Howard Zinn's excellent People's History (online), A People's History of the United States((video interview) 60 min. 3 hr with Q&A) ****. video on labor (begins with critique of history textbooks, his own education). Myths of the Good Wars (video). You Can't Be Neutral on a Moving Train: A Personal History of Our Times. (video talk). How Can History Help Us in the Future?(good talk, though he answers the question obliquely, e.g., use of the Good War to justify later ones). Funny and smart. People's History Timeline by Zinn Project.

Lies my teacher told me : everything your American history textbook got wrong Loewen, James W. New York : New Press, c1995 McH Stacks E175.85 .L64 1995 *** UCSC online copy]

A People's History of the World: From the Stone Age to the New Millenium by Chris Harman.

Parenti, Michael The Assassination of Julius Caesar: A People’s History of Ancient Rome (video interview).

The Untold History of the United States (McHenry E741 .S76 2011) by Oliver Stone and Peter Kuznick (also a TV series) (McHenry Media Ctr: DVD10093). video interview on Henry Wallace, almost president, who would not have dropped Atomic Bomb. (Summary and links). Extensive video interview with transcript:

Episode A: 1900-1920 - World War I, The Russian Revolution & Woodrow Wilson Episode B: 1920-1940 - Roosevelt, Hitler, Stalin: The Battle of Ideas Season 1 Chapter 1: World War II Chapter 2: Roosevelt, Truman & Wallace Chapter 3: The Bomb Chapter 4: The Cold War: 1945–1950 Chapter 5: The '50s: Eisenhower, The Bomb & The Third World. Chapter 6: JFK: To The Brink Chapter 7: Johnson, Nixon & Vietnam: Reversal Of Fortune Chapter 8: Reagan, Gorbachev & Third World: Rise Of The Right Chapter 9: Bush & Clinton: Squandered Peace – New World Order Chapter 10: Bush & Obama: Age of Terror

Oliver Stone site

Environmental History: Collapse (summary) by Jared Diamond (UCLA), (celebrated author of Guns, Germs and Steel) seeks to understand why so many civilizations have been unable to avoid destroying the environment they depended upon. In this selection he summaries the reasons, which may also be involved in your issue. TEDtalk video. ****

Late Victorian Holocausts By Mike Davis.

The Chalice and the Blade: Our History, Our Future by Riane Eisler looks at how gender has structured culture of domination. Her new book rethinks the economy: The Real Wealth of Nations: Creating a Caring Economics Link

Ned Ludd & Queen Mab: Machine-Breaking, Romanticism, and the Several Commons of 1811-12 Peter Linebaugh audio interview 2012. ( Note that Lord Byron's only speech in Parliament was in defense of Luddites)1/27/14 audio interview. His more recent book,Stop, Thief! is on the appropriations of the commons also includes history, including a refugee from the Irish famine, captured by Iroquois and taken in by escaped slaves.

African American and Latinx History of the United States is a revolutionary, politically-charged narrative describing the intersectional history of the shared struggle for African American and Latinx civil rights. Ortiz challenges the notion of westward progress, and shows how placing African American, Latinx, and Indigenous voices unapologetically front and center transforms American history into the story of the working class organizing against imperialism. Paul Ortiz, beloved former UCSC professor, is now an associate professor and the director of the Samuel Proctor Oral History Program at the University of Florida. Audio interview, audio talk, video talk 8/18. ***

Changes in the Land by William Cronon was long the central text in the Core course, a pioneering work in eco-history, and it it still the best explanation of how we got where we are. These excerpts (requires course login) documents how Native Americans related to nature, and what happened when the market was introduced. Ch. 8 is the summary/conclusion. He was also wrote "Trouble with Wilderness," which set off a lively debate, which concludes here.

Atomic America by Todd Tucker. On January 3, 1961, nuclear reactor SL-1 exploded in rural Idaho, spreading radioactive contamination over thousands of acres and killing three men: John Byrnes, Richard McKinley, and Richard Legg. The Army blamed "human error" and a sordid love triangle. Though it has been overshadowed by the accident at Three Mile Island, SL-1 is the only fatal nuclear reactor incident in American history, and it holds serious lessons for a nation poised to embrace nuclear energy once again. See also Schlosser's Command and Control. Eric Schlosser, "Command and Control: Nuclear Weapons, the Damascus Accident, and the Illusion of Safety" author of Fastfood Nation. 11/13.

The Great Warming: Climate Change and the Rise and Fall of Civilizations by Brian Fagan.

Jeffrey Parker's Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century (2013) *** also audio interview (starts 16 mins in). short text Q&A interview.

Objects

Lists:

Raj Patel ([personal site]) (10/17 audio alt link)A History of the World in Seven Cheap Things: A Guide to Capitalism, Nature, and the Future of the Planet (excerpt intro) & 4 min video overview. see Food.

A History of the World in 100 Objects UK Radio 4 podcast includes: radical suffragettes, [www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00v6htv Ship's chronometer from HMS Beagle], and Conquistador map.

101 Objects that Made America: America in the World by Smithsonian Magazine. Sample: electric guitar. Richard Kurin: American History in 101 Objects (book}, (video LongNow talk). full video from Computer History Museum. (UCI owns book list in ToC E173 .K87 2013).

101 Gadgets That Changed The World silly TV but good for topic ideas? 1/15.

Top 10 that changed the world, arguably.

85 Most disruptive inventions. a deeper dive into disruption by John Seeley Brown at the Center for the Edge.

Blue jeans and T-shirts come from Sven Beckert Empire of Cotton: A Global History, about the origins of the global cotton trade and its impact on the international economy (video). 2/15. book link, Slate review. Magazine article. Audio interview See African-Americans.

The Evolution of Everyday Objects from Slate Mag.

Food

Knowledge Web sandbox

NPR interview with Dan Koeppel, author of Banana: The Fate of the Fruit That Changed the World, gives us a primer on the expansive history — and the endangered future — of this seedless, sexless fruit.

Uncommon Grounds: the History of Coffee and How it Transformed our World by Mark Pendergrast (excerpts). UCSC S&E Stacks TX415 .P46 1999 See also Caffeinated: How Our Daily Habit Helps, Hurts… by Murray Carpenter interview.Big History questions (short video). PBS- Black Coffee, The Irresistible Bean.

The Mysterious Origins of a Food That's Always Been Funny: The Sausage see Gary Allen, author of Sausages: A Global History.

Cod: A Biography of a Fish by Mark Kurlansky video interview. Milk! book by Marc Kurlansky 5/18

Where Does Gold Come From? UC Santa Cruz's Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz has his own theory about where gold comes from in the universe and it may have to do with the spectacular explosions of supernovae (short video).

Salt: A World History by Mark Kurlansky video talk; (2 min Big History video excerpt). main site. 1/15.alt link: The Superpower of Salt. History Channel TV series available in McHenry Media Center DVD10097 (Disc 3 is 90 minute overview of all 8 thresholds).

A History of the World in 6 Glasses by Tom Standage.

Spice: The History of a Temptation by Jack Turner.

Sugar: A Bittersweet History by Elizabeth Abbott (more recent and popular) Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History, Sidney W. Mintz (more scholarly). See African-Americans. current effects from Ben Richardson, based on his new book Sugar (Polity, 2015): 10/15. Backstory podcast: Beet farmers got Phillipines freedom to get tariffs.

Other objects:

Mary Roach: 'Packing For Mars'(excerpt) &(audio interview), video Google talk; Gulp: ; Adventures on the Alimentary Canal ((audio interview), Stiff: The Curious Lives of Human Cadavers and Spook: Science Tackles the Afterlife. Newest is Grunt: The Curious Science of Humans at War.

Mary Pilon talked about her book, The Monopolists: Obsession, Fury, and the Scandal Behind the World’s Favorite Board Game, about the origins of the board-game Monopoly (video). idea stolen from a woman (NPR audio).

Rust: The Longest War, by Jonny Waldman includes two activists who climbed the Statue of Liberty to protest the false imprisonment of a Black Panther which revealed it was falling apart. Fun video interview.

Brooke Borel talked about her book Infested: How the Bed Bug Infiltrated Our Bedrooms and Took Over the World video)

Technology (see also Counter-History, and LongNow)

James Burke's Knowledge Web has six degrees of things, people and ideas. my version has video games, punk rock, ethno-botany, zombies as well as UCSC. Beth Shapiro How to Clone a Mammoth.

Printing Press Clay Shirky references Elizabeth Eisenstein's magisterial treatment of Gutenberg's invention,The Printing Press as an Agent of Change.

Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America by Richard White at Stanford video).

Oil: The Prize by Daniel Yergin also a PBS series.

Rubber: Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's Forgotten Jungle City By Greg Grandin. (Includes excerpt and audio interview with author).

Sven Beckert Empire of Cotton: A Global History, about the origins of the global cotton trade and its impact on the international economy (video). 2/15. book link, Slate review.

Water: Cadillac Desert by Reisner, William , explores how crucial the development of dams were to the West. Introduction. Chapter 1 includes John Wesley Powell, a one-armed Civil War officer who was the first to explore the Grand Canyon by boat. White speaks of regionalism, an idea pioneered by Powell. NPR audio**** highly recommended. video. The Water Fight That Inspired ‘Chinatown’ 5/12.

Ned Ludd & Queen Mab: Machine-Breaking, Romanticism, and the Several Commons of 1811-12 Peter Linebaugh audio interview 2012. ( Note that Lord Byron's only speech in Parliament was in defense of Luddites)1/27/14 audio interview.

William Rosen contends that the invention of the steam engine in Britain and the succeeding Industrial Revolution was one of the greatest events that changed the way that human beings lived. Mr. Rosen examines how the steam engine was created and why it was developed in Britain and not another locale.(video).

[https://howitbegan.com/episodes/mastering-metals-sticks-stones-cars-computers/ How It Began: A History of the Modern World: Mastering Metals:] From Sticks & Stones to Cars & Computers (podcast).

UCSC People

Uber k-web dynamic map

New analysis shows insect diversity is nothing new according to paleontologist Matthew Clapham, associate professor of Earth and planetary sciences. 1/16.